Oxyphencyclimine Hydrochloride

Oxyphencyclimine is indicated for the treatment of peptic ulcer disease and the relief of smooth muscle spasms in gastrointestinal disorders.

Anticholinergics (antimuscarinics)/ Anti-spasmodics

Oxyphencyclimine binds the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor. It may block all three types of muscarinic receptors including M-1 receptors in the CNS and ganglia, M-2 receptors in the heart (vagus) and M-3 receptors at the parasympathetic NEJ system. The muscarinic acetylcholine receptors mediate various cellular responses, including inhibition of adenylate cyclase, breakdown of phosphoinositides and modulation of potassium channels through the action of G proteins. Oxphencyclimine inhibits vagally mediated reflexes by antagonizing the action of acetylcholine. This in turn reduces the secretion of gastric acids in the stomach.

Adult: 10 mg twice daily orally.

Enhanced effect with concurrent admin of other drugs with antimuscarinic properties and MAOIs. May affect absorption of other drugs. Antagonistic effect with parasympathomimetics.

Closed-angle glaucoma; obstructive uropathy; GI obstruction, paralytic ileus, intestinal atony, ulcerative colitis; toxic megacolon; myasthenia gravis.

Xerostomia, decreased sweating, urinary hesitancy and retention, blurred vision, cycloplegia, increased ocular tension, loss of taste, headache, nervousness, mental confusion, impotence, suppression of lactation, urticaria, constipation.

Pregnancy category- Not classified

Elderly; autonomic neuropathy; hepatic or renal disease; hyperthyroidism, CHF, thyrotoxicosis, MI, tachyarrhythmias, hypertension, prostatic hypertrophy; hiatal hernia. May impair ability to drive or operate machinery. Pregnancy and lactation. Down's syndrome.

Symptoms range from increased side effects to CNS disturbances, circulatory changes, respiratory failure, paralysis and coma. treat with immediate gastric lavage and injection of physostimine 0.5-2 mg up to a total of 5 mg. Treat symptomatically and supportively.